Positions & proposals · July 2026 · PWHI analysis

Four objectives. One programme.

Everything PWHI publishes serves four goals: protect the six properties Pakistan has already promised the world to keep; convert the 29-site nomination pipeline into inscriptions; establish, place by place, which of the 6,200 catalogued sites still exist on the ground; and repair the governance system whose failure produced a 29-year inscription drought and the Taxila crisis. These are civil-society proposals, offered for adoption.

Safeguarding antiquity and heritage protection
Illustration: PWHI visual archive — artistic reconstruction, not a photograph or survey record.

Objective 01 — Defend

Protect the six inscribed properties

World Heritage status is a treaty obligation, not a trophy. Pakistan’s Article 4 duty requires active protection of authenticity and integrity at Moenjodaro, Taxila, Takht-i-Bahi, Makli, Lahore Fort & Shalamar, and Rohtas.

  1. Taxila corrective action now: halt cement works at Mohra Moradu and Sirkap; commission an independent HIA; invite an ICOMOS/ICCROM Reactive Monitoring Mission; provide full para-172 documentation to the World Heritage Centre before and after the Busan session.
  2. Statutory conservation standard: an enforceable legal distinction between scientific conservation/anastylosis and reconstruction, binding on every custodian department and contractor.
  3. Buffer-zone enforcement: apply s.22’s 200-foot zone and WHS visual corridors through planning authorities (LDA, CDA, KDA, cantonments).
  4. Condition transparency: annual published state-of-conservation reports for all six properties, in English and Urdu.

Objective 02 — Advance

Convert the 29-site pipeline into inscriptions

Seven candidates have waited since 1993. The pipeline grows; conversion never comes. The blockage is institutional: provinces prepare dossiers, the federation submits them, and neither funds the work.

  1. World Heritage Nomination Task Force: a standing federal–provincial body with professional dossier-writers, comparative-analysis capacity and a published work plan.
  2. Two to three priority nominations in 36 months — selected on OUV strength and readiness, with public criteria.
  3. Budget lines for dossiers: nomination preparation funded in the federal PSDP and provincial ADPs — the cheapest, highest-return heritage investment available.
  4. Readiness scorecards for all 29, published annually (the pipeline tracker is our civil-society version).
  5. Domestic protection first: Tentative status protects nothing — every candidate site must be brought under a domestic protection instrument immediately.

Objective 03 — Reform

Fix the governance system

Since the 18th Amendment devolved archaeology in 2010, provincial custodianship and federal treaty responsibility have operated without a bridge. The result: 89.0% of 6,200 catalogued places unprotected, statutes protecting as few as eight sites, penalties frozen at 1975 values, and no mandatory heritage impact assessment anywhere in federal law.

  1. National Heritage & World Heritage Compliance Bill: mandatory HIAs for works affecting protected sites; the conservation/reconstruction distinction; modernised penalties; chance-finds duties.
  2. Federal–provincial coordination body (a National Heritage Conservation Authority or a standing CCI committee) co-owned by federal and provincial secretaries.
  3. Harmonised provincial statutes: a model provincial heritage law — buffer zones, HIA duties, real sanctions, protection procedures that actually get used.
  4. Taxila International Conservation Centre: convert the crisis into capacity — an ICCROM/UNESCO-partnered national training laboratory for conservation science.
  5. Protection at scale: a national programme to assess and notify the highest-value unprotected sites — starting with the 553 tombs, 199 stupa/monastery complexes, 142 temples and 114 forts currently outside every statute.

Objective 04 — Know

Ground-truth the 6,200

No protection system can work blind. The national inventory lists 6,200 places, but there has never been a published national condition census — nobody can say how many still exist on the ground, how many are encroached, and how many have quietly vanished since their last survey.

  1. A National Heritage Condition Census: a time-bound, published verification of all 6,200 inventory entries — standing, at risk, damaged, encroached, vanished, or not found — combining departmental survey with accredited citizen verification (the Ground Truth campaign is the civil-society pilot).
  2. Delisting with a record: where a site is confirmed lost, the loss is documented and published before any record is amended — erasure must never be silent.
  3. Census-driven prioritisation: protection notifications, conservation budgets and nomination shortlists keyed to verified condition data.
  4. Open inventory: the verified register published as open data, updated annually, so courts, researchers and citizens work from the same facts.

The 36-month roadmap

Months 0–3 — Stabilise

Taxila works halted; independent HIA commissioned; Reactive Monitoring Mission invited; Nomination Task Force notified; priority-site shortlisting begins.

Months 3–12 — Legislate & fund

Compliance Bill drafted and consulted; dossier budget lines in FY ADPs/PSDP; readiness assessments for all 29 published; Taxila Centre feasibility completed.

Months 12–24 — Build

Two priority dossiers in full preparation; model provincial law adopted by at least two provinces; annual state-of-conservation reports published for all six properties.

Months 24–36 — Deliver

First nomination submitted to the World Heritage Centre; Taxila Centre operational; national unprotected-sites programme notifying its first tranche.

Status of these proposals

PWHI analysis and advocacy — civil-society proposals offered for adoption by federal and provincial decision-makers. They are not government policy, and nothing here is legal advice. Sources: the protection-gap dataset (6,200 records), the UNESCO WHC record for Pakistan, and the statutes catalogued in the PWHI law library.